腐蚀环境中摩擦表面出现的材料流失现象称为磨损腐蚀，简称磨蚀。磨损腐蚀这种失效形式经常发生在泵、阀的过流部件（泵体、叶轮、密封环），管道内壁面，以及腐蚀介质中服役的摩擦副（如动密封面及轴承等零部件）中，造成磨损腐蚀损坏的流动介质可以是气体、液体或含有固体颗粒、气泡的液体等，其中以液固双相流造成的破坏尤其严重。腐蚀磨损包括与流体运动相关的冲刷腐蚀、空泡腐蚀及发生在摩擦副表面的腐蚀磨损、微动腐蚀等。

磨损腐蚀相关技术标准

标准名称：Standard Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus
标准编号：ASTM G32-10
发布日期：2011-02
标准概述：This test method covers the production of cavitation damage on the face of a specimen vibrated at high frequency while immersed in a liquid. The vibration induces the formation and collapse of cavities in the liquid, and the collapsing cavities produce the damage to and erosion （material loss） of the specimen.This test method speci?es standard test conditions covering the diameter, vibratory amplitude and frequency of the specimen, as well as the test liquid and its container. It permits deviations from some of these conditions if properly documented, that may be appropriate for some purposes. It gives guidance on setting up a suitable apparatus and covers test and reporting procedures and precautions to be taken. It also speci?es standard reference materials that must be used to verify the operation of the facility and to de?ne the normalized erosion resistance of other test materials.

标准名称：Standard Test Method for Liquid Impingement Erosion Using Rotating Apparatus
标准编号：ASTM G73-10
发布日期：2010-05
标准概述：This test method covers tests in which solid specimens are eroded or otherwise damaged by repeated discrete impacts of liquid drops or jets. Among the collateral forms of damage considered are degradation of optical properties of window materials, and penetration, separation, or destruction of coatings. The objective of the tests may be to determine the resistance to erosion or other damage of the materials or coatings under test, or to investigate the damage mechanisms and the effect of test variables. Because of the specialized nature of these tests and the desire in many cases to simulate to some degree the expected service environment, the speci?cation of a standard apparatus is not deemed practicable. This test method gives guidance in setting up a test, and speci?es test and analysis procedures and reporting requirements that can be followed even with quite widely differing materials, test facilities, and test conditions. It also provides a standardized scale of erosion resistance numbers applicable to metals and other structural materials. It serves, to some degree, as a tutorial on liquid impingement erosion.

标准名称：Standard Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
标准编号：ASTM G40-12
发布日期：2012-08
标准概述：The terms and their de?nitions given herein represent terminology relating to wear and erosion of solid bodies due to mechanical interactions such as occur with cavitation, impingement by liquid jets or drops or by solid particles, or relative motion against contacting solid surfaces or ?uids. This scope interfaces with but generally excludes those processes where material loss is wholly or principally due to chemical action and other related technical ?elds as, for instance lubrication.